Flat Feet
What are they?
A flat foot condition exists when there is a marked flattening or lowering of the longitudinal arch. The foot actually appears collapsed in the midsection area during walking or standing. The feet also seemed rolled-in where the inside of the foot contacts the ground. Patients with flat feet will frequently complain of wearing out or breaking down their shoes rapidly because of the foot position. Common symptoms from patients with flat feet include fatigue, cramping, bunions, corns, calluses, shin splints and heel pain.
It should be noted that not all flat feet are problems and require treatment. Pain should be the primary reason for patients to seek treatment. Congenital flat feet or those present at birth frequently are not clinical problems while those developed over time often need additional consideration. Particular concerns are those feet that have a normal appearing arch during non-weight bearing periods but assume a more flattened appearance during standing. These feet are frequently excessively pronating or rolling-in at the arch and most often produce clinical symptoms.
What causes them?
As mentioned, a congenital type or one present at birth may reflect a developmental embryonic condition. Certain types of flat feet are considered acquired and developed later in life possible due to injury, anatomic abnormalities or various arthritic conditions. The most popular type of flat foot (and most problematic) is the excessively pronated foot. This foot type is a result of faulty mechanics during walking and standing periods and can often lead to secondary problems if not managed properly.
how is it treated?
In most cases, the treatment of the pronated flat foot involves prescribed orthotics or foot and ankle supportive devices. These effectively reduce the in-rolling tendency and help to support the foot and ankle during gait. Other less frequently used approaches in the management of various flat foot conditions include shoe modifications, injections, oral anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy and surgery.
A foot specialist will be able to carefully evaluate this condition in order to identify its probable type, cause and to advise on the most effective therapy plan available.
